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Mitigasi banjir dan alternatif pemeliharaan infrastruktur keairan pada sub-DAS code Yogyakarta
Abstract
Pemeliharaan infrastruktur keairan merupakan hal vital yang perlu menjadi prioritas sebagai tindakan mitigasi bencana banjir. Hal tersebut dapat dilakukan dengan cara penilaian kondisi saluran sungai di suatu DAS yang perlu dimodelkan dan upaya struktural yang dapat dilakukan dalam mereduksi banjir. Sebagai wilayah perkotaan, Yogyakarta menjadi DAS yang dapat dijadikan studi kasus pemodelan banjir. Dalam pemodelan banjir, penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis banjir dan pemodelan 2-D HEC-RAS untuk membuat visualisasi profil aliran sungai. Analisis banjir dilakukan menggunakan metode Thiessen dan Nakayasu, sedangkan visualisasi profil aliran sungai dilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak HEC-RAS. Upaya struktural dalam pengendalian banjir adalah pembuatan grey infrastructure yaitu berupa bendungan dimodelkan sebagai upaya mitigasi bencana dan pemeliharaan infrastruktur keairan di daerah tinjauan. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah Sungai Code sangat rentan terhadap banjir yang terjadi. Banjir meluap di titik-titik tinjauan pemodelan dan pemeliharaan perlu dilakukan untuk mitigasi bencana banjir. Rencana desain bendungan diusulkan menggunakan grey infrastructure dengan pemodelan Geo-Studio dalam analisis seepage dan faktor keamanan. Rancangan bendungan memiliki faktor keamanan yang mendukung sebesar 2,267. Dengan metode flood routing, kalkulasi persentase reduksi banjir yang terjadi dengan bendungan dapat mencapai 10%.
Maintenance of water infrastructure is a vital thing that needs to be a priority as a flood disaster mitigation measure. This condition could be conducted by doing river capacity assessment in a watershed with modeling approach and structural mitigation to reduce flood volume. As an urban area, Yogyakarta is a watershed that can be used as a case study of flood modeling. To conduct flood modeling, this study uses the flood analysis method and the 2-D HEC-RAS modeling to create a visualization of river flow profiles. Flood analysis is carried out using Thiessen and Nakayasu methods, whereas river flow profiles are figured out by HEC-RAS software. Structural effort to control flooding is the construction of grey infrastructure like dam or other civil infrastructures which are not categorized as green infrastructure. Grey infrastructure in the form of dam is modeled as an effort to mitigate disasters and maintain water infrastructure in the review area. The conclusion of this research is that Code River is very vulnerable to flooding that occurs. Floods overflowed at the point of review modeling, so the maintenance needs to be done. Dam designs are proposed using grey infrastructure with Geo-Studio modelling to analyze seepage and safety factor. The dam design alternative has supporting safety factor of 2.267. Flood routing analysis is then conducted to predict the percentage of flood reduction, which is known to reach 10%.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.36055/tjst.v16i1.7316
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Teknika: Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.