Flexural and Fractography Behavior of Unsaturated Polyester Composite Filled with Bangkirai Wood Fiber

Andromeda Dwi Laksono, Lusi Ernawati, Desy Maryanti

Abstract


PPada penelitian ini, kami melaporkan modifikasi kayu dengan meningkatkan sifat mekanisnya dalam struktur komposit. Kayu yang dibentuk menjadi meja, kursi, lemari, dan lain-lain terdapat sisa-sisa seperti serbuk (sawdust) setelah produksi. Sisa ini yang disebut limbah bila dimanfaatkan dengan baik akan menghasilkan keuntungan tersendiri. Namun, agar limbah kayu bermanfaat menjadi produk baru, perlu diuji kekuatannya. Fokus penelitian ini adalah limbah kayu seperti kayu bangkirai yang perlu ditingkatkan kekuatannya. Teknologi komposit yang berasal dari serat alami dalam kayu adalah solusi untuk menemukan bahan baru yang diharapkan dapat diterapkan pada berbagai aplikasi. Dalam observasi ini, material komposit dibuat menggunakan metode hand lay-up dengan variasi fraksi filler 40% dan 60% serat bangkirai. Bahan asal yang dibentuk kayu bangkirai digunakan sebagai variabel kontrol dalam uji tekuk. Hasil uji tekuk diperoleh rata-rata modulus elastisitas tertinggi yaitu 2,22 GPa dalam fraksi filler 60%. Selain itu ditemukan bahwa pola fraktur dari uji tekuk berdasarkan pengamatan scanning electron microscopy (SEM) menunjukkan bahwa ada kegagalan dalam bentuk rongga. Dari penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa semakin tinggi fraksi filler mengakibatkan semakin tinggi nilai modulus elastisitasnya.

 

In this work, we report the modification of the woods by increasing their mechanical properties in a composite structure. Wood that is formed into tables, chairs, cabinets, etc. there are remnants such as powder, sawdust after production. This rest, called waste, if used properly, will produce its benefits. However, for wood waste to be useful as a new product, its strength must be tested. The focus of this research is wood waste, such as bangkirai wood, which needs to be strengthened. The focus of this study is wood waste, such as bangkirai wood that required to be mechanically improved. Composite technology derived from natural fibers in wood is the solution to find new materials that are expected to be applied to various applications. In this observation, the composite materials were made using the hand lay-up method with variations in filler fractions of 40% and 60% of bangkirai fiber. The origin material formed bangkirai wood is used as the control variable in the flexural test. The flexural test results obtained the highest average modulus of elasticity of 2.22 GPa in the 60% filler fraction. It is also found that fracture patterns from flexural tests based on scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations showed that there was a failure in the form of voids. It concludes that the higher the filler fraction, the higher the modulus of elasticity.


Keywords


Bangkirai wood, composite, unsaturated polyester, flexural test, scanning electron microscopy.

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.36055/tjst.v16i1.7792

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Teknika: Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.