CHARACTERISTICS AND CONSUMPTION OF FUEL OIL SOLAR OIL WITH HAZELNUT OIL IN DIESEL MOTOR

This study aims to determine the characteristics of fuel (diesel oil, walnut oil and sesame oil), the characteristics of the fuel mixture and knowing the amount of fuel consumption with a variation of the engine rotation. Measurements were made using 898 analyzer stargas. Data were analyzed descriptively by describing in graphic and measurable phenomenon. The test results found that: (1) the characteristics of hazelnut oil, sesame oil meets the characteristics of the fuel; (2) a mixture of diesel fuel to 80% with 10% of hazelnut oil and sesame oil 10% yield better characteristics; and (3) the fuel consumption of the engine rev 1600 rpm, 2000 rpm and 2300 rpm is more stable on a mixture of diesel fuel to 80% with hazelnut oil 10% and sesame oil 10% each SFC obtained as follows 0.279882, 0.288938 and 0.281213.


INTRODUCTION
The number of transportation each year has increased.This condition has an impact on the fuel consumption required, while the assumption of fuel needs used gradually decreased.As a result, fuel prices have increased and the quality of fuel is declining.
These problems need to find solutions either in the form of alternative energy or energy replacement.
The main fuel of diesel motor is diesel oil.Solar is the result of processing from petroleum, which is used as fuel substitute for gasoline.Energy alternatives with proper oil characteristics are pecan oil and sesame oil through the extraction process.Extraction process can be done mechanically and dissolve (Ketaren, 1986).The hazelnut is one of the agricultural products containing oil (Siswani and Kristianingrum, 2006).Oil content in candlenut seeds is high, ie 55 -66% of the seed weight (Arlena, Suharto, and Susatlo, 2009).The hazelnut oil contained in the seeds also has many benefits, such as paint, varnish, soap, medicine, cosmetics and fuel, Arlena, Suharto and Jessica (2010).
Sesame oil as an alternative energy bio diesel.

Characteristics of Pecan Oil, Sesame Oil and Pure Solar Oil
The hazelnut oil and sesame oil are extracted to be used as a fuel oil mixture.

a. The results of the characteristics of hazelnut oil
The content obtained by candlenut oil based on laboratory results as follows:  Kurdi and Arijanto, 2007: 56 mf values can also be obtained with the formula mf = v / t x ρbb x 3.6 (kg / h).The P value (power) is obtained by using the formula P = (2π.nT)/ 60000 (kW) while T is obtained from the formula T = mgI (Nm) where T is the engine torque in Nm, g is the acceleration of gravity of 9.81 m / s2, I is the length of the dynamometer arm of 0.358 mm, is the mass / load measured in kg, and n is the required engine speed in rpm.In 80% diesel oil mixture with pecan oil and sesame oil 10% respectively, the lowest SFC at 1600 rpm engine speed is 0.279882 kg / kW-hour.The higher the rotation of the resulting SFC engine increases the fuel it needs the more extravagant.

Characteristics of Solar Fuel, Hazelnut Oil and Sesame Oil
Laboratory test results based on fuel characteristics can be explained in the inspection type image below.ie ( 31874) and (40.26).This means that fuel meets the characteristics as fuel.
Flash point PMcc (flash point) is the lowest temperature of a munyak fuel that can cause a flame in an instant if on the surface of fuel oil sprinkled fire (Supraptono, 2004: 28).
Flash point is lower then the more volatile and burning.Flash point PMcc from each fuel as follows kemiri oil (241), sesame oil (255) and diesel oil (75.0).These results indicate that the fuel is not volatile and takes time in combustion.
Pour points are the lowest temperatures in which oil fuel can still flow by itself under test conditions.The results of the test showed that the hazelnut oil, sesame oil and diesel oil were 0, 9, and 10, respectively.The result of the test was that the hazelnut oil and sesame oil were under diesel oil.It shows that at 0 and 9 the temperature is still able to flow.
Based on the fuel characteristics, the three oils meet the characteristics as oil for use in the combustion process.However, all three need to be test mixing to know the characteristics after the mixing of these fuels.

Fuel Mixed Characteristics
To

Fig 1 .
Fig 1. Graph of Characteristics of Fuel Oil of Pecan, Sesame Oil and Solar Oil Specific graphity (relative density) is the mass ratio of the amount of volume of a substance at a certain temperature to a pure water mass of the same volume at the same temperature or different temperature.
specific gravity is expressed by two degrees of temperature, where the first number denotes the temperature of the substance and the second indicates the water temperature.SG at 60/60 0F diesel oil between 0.820 -Vol.2,No.2, December 2017 ISSN 2528-2611, e-ISSN 2528-2700 0.870 means diesel oil is not contaminated.If less than that number then the oil is contaminated by a heavy fraction substance or contains many compounds naften and aromatics.In the figure graphic figure generated from the hazelnut oil, sesame oil and diesel oil exceeded 0.820 ie 0.9227, 0.9157 and 0.852.these results indicate that specific grafity meets the feasibility of fuel characteristics.Kinematic Viscosity (viscosity) is a measure of the basic resistance of a liquid to flow or a measure of the magnitude of the inner shear resistance of a liquid body.In general, the higher the drajat API, the smaller the viscosity (Supraptono, 2004: 27).Kinematic viscosity is obtained from the ratio of dynamic viscosity to density.The units for dynamic viscosity are Pa s or Ns / m2 (= 1 Pa s) or kg / ms (= 1 Pa s) or g / cm s (= 0.1 Pa s) or dyne s / cm2 (= 0.1 Pa s) or poise, P (0.1 Pa s) or centiPoise, cP (= 0.01P).The above test results obtained that kemiri oil and sesame oil have a higher viscosity than diesel (4.24)

Fig 2 .
Fig 2. Graph of Solar Oil Mixing Result (MS), Pecan Oil (MK), and Sesame Oil (MW)Based on the graph above it is found that the second mixture with the percentage of diesel oil 80%, 10% hazelnut oil and 10% sesame oil produce non-contaminated and higher oil that is 0.8677, for a higher viscosity of 6,354 mm2 / s, for flash point in over the standard of 84.0 0C but for the pour point at a temperature of 6 0C still able to drain the oil.It can be concluded that the more mixed

Table 1 .
Pure Kemiri Pure Laboratory Test Results The results of the characteristics of sesame oilThe content obtained by sesame oil based on laboratory results, as follows: 0 C ASTM D 97 Vol.2, No.2, December 2017 ISSN 2528-2611, e-ISSN 2528-2700 b.

Table 2 .
Pure Sesame Oil Laboratory Test Result

Table 3 .
Pure Solar Petroleum Laboratory Test Results

Table 6 .
Laboratory Test Results of Fuel Consumption with Mixture 90% Solar Oil with Kemiri Oil and Sesame Oil 5% against Round of Machine 1600 rpm, 2000 rpm, and 2500 rpm.

Table 7 .
Laboratory Test Result of Fuel Consumption with Mixture 80% Solar Oil with Pecan Oil and Sesame Oil 10% against Round of Machine 1600 rpm, 2000 rpm, and 2500 rpm.