The Cultivation of Social Attitudes through Civic Education Learning in the Pandemic Era as an Effort to Build Students' Social Skills

Indonesia and other countries in the world are being hit by a very extraordinary health crisis that is Covid-19. Covid-19 also has an impact on the implementation of learning in universities, implementation of lectures using the online method. Citizenship Education courses that teach about norm values are a bit difficult to implement online because they cannot directly observe student attitudes which are reflected in the course content. Inculcating social attitudes in learning during this pandemic is very important. Because it is expected that students have social awareness of the current situation. The importance of social attitudes in learning so that students have social skills so that they are able to establish good cooperation to achieve the learning object of citizenship education. Social Skill and social attitudes are one of the indicators in realizing the smart and good citizen goal of Civic education. Having a social attitude makes students more sensitive to problems that occur in the surrounding environment and can participate in finding solutions to problems that exist in the community. The purpose of this study was to find out how to instill Social Attitudes through Citizenship Education Learning in the Covid-19 Pandemic Era as an Effort in Formation of Student Social skills. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection observations, documentation and interviews. The results of the study show that the practice of social skills through Civic Education learning in this Pandemic era is carried out by habituation. Social attitudes that are instilled are honesty, discipline, responsibility, polite, caring, and confident. Habituation carried out in the learning process can take place through demonstrations and agreements made between students and lecturers together in the classroom. Inculcating social skills in learning is greatly assisted by online learning platforms such as LMS and social media. Researchers’ recommendation is that further research can develop the acquisition of other skills in Citizenship Education learning.


INTRODUCTION
The existence of the coronavirus has an impact on all aspects of life, one of which is in the aspect of education. One of the most visible impacts in education is the implementation of online learning. It is based on a circular from the Ministry of Education and Culture of the Directorate of Higher Education No. 1 of 2020 regarding the prevention of the spread of the coronavirus 19 instructs to conduct distance learning and advises participants' students to learn from home. It changes the learning pattern that was originally face-to-face to virtual learning.
This study comes from the problem of learning Citizenship Education which is carried out online at universities. The learning system that was initially one-way and prioritized cognitive assessment changed its paradigm. Other assessments also need to be explored in students, one of which is Student Social skills. Most of the online learning systems that have been implemented only prioritize the achievement of good cognitive rather than affective ones.
It needs to be changed because it is necessary to inculcate good attitudes to become a citizen in Gagasan Pendidikan Indonesia, Vol.2, No.2, 2021, pp. 93-98 p-ISSN 2721-9240, e-ISSN 2722 the learning of Citizenship Education. Civic education makes students have the competence and good behavior as citizens.
We carry out an innovation in Civic Education learning by instilling social attitudes in students by implementing indicators of social attitudes in collaboration with Civics learning materials to achieve the desired outcomes. We also implement it in learning Citizenship Education. It is necessary to have essential points that a citizen must possess. Social attitude is essential to be owned by a citizen. Every citizen can work hand in hand and collaborate to realize a peaceful and prosperous life.
Social attitudes in citizenship education learning in the era of coronavirus is very necessary because of the current condition of the need to collaborate and help each other deal with social problems related to coronavirus. Citizenship Education is very suitable in implementing it because the materials in Citizenship Education learning are very sustainable with social attitudes and social skills because they contain norms, laws, etc. Besides, social attitude skills are closely related to indicators of the existence of citizenship education, intelligence, and a good citizen. Smart and good citizens must have good social attitudes and be sensitive to what is happening around them. It is crucial to be instilled in students so that the current generation can be more sensitive to what is happening around them.
Inculcating Social Attitudes in Citizenship Learning requires new methods, steps, and innovations. Such as preparing an attitude guidebook for students or learning that emphasizes cooperation between students. It is crucial because learning Citizenship Education in higher education is very closely related to forming good social attitudes for students, but instilling social attitudes in students through learning citizenship education requires new methods or steps. Today's learning is carried out virtually or online because of the impact of the coronavirus that is happening in parts of the world, especially Indonesia. Social Attitude is the keyword in this study because we emphasizes how to instill social attitudes in students so that students can have good social skills or social skills as citizens.

METHOD
This study used a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. It means that the research is aimed at understanding social phenomena and participants' perspectives. Some qualitative research is directed beyond understanding phenomena but also developing theories. Sugiyono (2018) states that qualitative research is research based on the philosophy of postpositivism, used to examine the condition of natural objects. So, we are the key instrument.
Data collection techniques using observation, interview, and documentation. With the number of research classes as many as eight classes.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The results of the research on teaching Social Attitudes Through Citizenship Education Learning in the Covid-19 Pandemic Period as an Effort in Formation of Student Social Skills are as follows.

A. Honest
The value of honesty is instilled in students openly and honestly in completing assignments, such as checking for plagiarism in the assignments given. They checked and required students to include sources and references for each assignment done. It is habituation carried out by Civics lecturers to teach the value of honesty to their students.
Online learning in the pandemic era also makes checking students' honesty in completing assignments easier. It is because most of the assignments given are in the form of soft copies sent via online learning system (SPADA) at a public university in Indonesia in this study or through other learning media used by lecturers and students so that it is easier to check plagiarism or Student cheating costs. That is in line with (Nurgiansah; 2021) honest behavior can be formed through the provision of relevant subjects and in particular its influence for students to behave honestly. Students' honest behavior can also be formed through example and habituation.

B. Discipline
Cultivating discipline through Civics learning is by mutually agreeing on the lecture deadline approved upon by the lecturers and students. Discipline is also instilled by giving deadlines for completing lecturers' assignments. Students who do not collect assignments at the allotted time together must remedial or repeat other assignments instead of previous ones.
In addition, the cultivation of discipline is also carried out through habituation and example from lecturers to students. Because it is believed that the output of Civics learning is not only for students to know about national insight, but a good attitude of students must be produced and honed with Civics courses grouped as personality development courses. It is the same as the strategies used in shaping the disciplined character of students through online learning, the first of which is making learning contracts, providing knowledge, telling stories, giving examples, giving assignments (Sahabsari and Suwanda: 2021).

C. Responsibility
The inculcation of responsibility to students is given through the stages of learning Civics courses. It can be seen in students' attitude when doing assignments on time and then when their learning process takes them seriously. Another thing is that the implementation of all lectures focuses on students to have a more sense of responsibility and not only receive information Gagasan Pendidikan Indonesia, Vol.2, No.2, 2021, pp. 93-98 p-ISSN 2721-9240, e-ISSN 2722 about learning from lecturers. That is following (Syafitri, 2017), responsibility in learning is the obligation to complete the task that has been entirely received through maximum effort and dare to bear all the consequences. Responsible individuals can fulfill their duties and needs and fulfill their responsibilities towards the surrounding environment properly. Individuals must be trained continuously so that they become responsible individuals. That is evident from the attitudes shown by students during the learning process.

D. Polite
A polite attitude is instilled from a mutual agreement to use good and polite Indonesian.
It can be seen during learning and discussion/presentation activities or panel discussions.
Students always use polite and courteous language. Students are required not to interrupt other people's arguments or conversations during the discussion.
In addition, a polite attitude is also instilled from the use of clothing during lectures.
During the pandemic era, learning was done online, so they used media face-to-face and could not meet face-to-face. Even though face-to-face learning uses media, the clothes used when attending lectures must be polite, such as wearing a shirt and wearing long pants. It was also found that several classes or study groups in Civics were required to wear polite clothes.

E. Caring
The cultivation of a caring attitude is instilled by giving assignments in the form of projects that require students to take action in dealing with problems in their surrounding environment to find solutions that can help deal with these problems. One of the project tasks in Civics learning is that students must be sensitive to the corona outbreak that has hit this country so that they make calls for the importance of taking care of themselves and implementing strict health protocols uploaded on their various social media. It is to influence people to continue to uphold and implement health protocols.
Another form of concern that is instilled in learning is the number of students who do not have the tools to carry out adequate online learning, such as not having a laptop and an inadequate signal. They are required to help their classmates to overcome these things. Students are required to work together and help each other.
The above process aims to make students more sensitive to their environment's conditions, provide solutions and care, and are willing to work together to help others. It is very much needed to be a good citizen because good citizens want to provide solutions to the social problems of the people around them.

F. Self-confidence
Instilling students' self-confidence instilled in learning with various assignments. Civics learning assignments in this pandemic era can be varied. They are instilling self-confidence through learning tasks by making documentary videos or playing roles that will later be submitted to lecturers, making video tutorials, or expressing opinions on citizenship issues uploaded to YouTube or other social media. It trains students' speaking and public speaking skills and critical thinking.
Student self-confidence is also instilled during Civics learning because there are many discussion topics during learning activities so that students practice speaking in public, thereby increasing students' self-confidence.

CONCLUSION
Instilling social skills through Civics learning in this pandemic era is carried out by habituation. Habits that are instilled in the learning process can occur through demonstrations and agreements made between students and lecturers in the classroom. The implementation of learning carried out online does not hinder the cultivation of social attitudes to students with the help of learning media such as the Learning Management System (LMS). Even though the cultivation of social skills can still be done, social media is more helpful with these media. The cultivation of social skills in Civics courses is considered very appropriate because it requires good attitudes for students to achieve the goals and outputs of Civics learning itself, namely to be intelligent and good citizens. After all, social skills are indicators that must be fulfilled and owned by a citizen.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The authors thank the Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa for funding this research.