Development of Teaching Materials Based on Local Excellences of South Sumatera for Science Learning in Elementary School

This research is aims to develop the local excellences-based teaching materials of South Sumatera for science learning in elementary school. This teaching materials are designed and manufactured with local pre-eminent items in South Sumatra and adapted to the subject matter taught in science learning in elementary school. This research is a development research using ADDIE development model and Tessmer evaluation method. The development stages in this research include analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. Evaluation of prototypes is conducted by: self evaluation, expert reviews, one-to-one evaluation, small group evaluation, and field test evaluation. Prototypes are validated by experts in materials, constructs, language, and media. The instruments used are questionnaires, observation sheets, test results and product assessment sheets. The result of the research shows that the teaching materials based on local excellences of South Sumatera are valid and after being tested in one to one, small group evaluation, field test evaluation of this teaching materials are considered practical. In conclusion, the teaching materials based on local excellences of South Sumatra are feasible to be used for science learning in elementary school.


INTRODUCTION
Science is one of the main subjects in the curriculum of education in Indonesia, including at elementary school level.Science acquired and developed through a series of activities undertaken by scientists in searching for answers "what?", "why?" and "how?" of natural phenomena as well as in their application in technology and daily life.
For that, in science learning is not about knowledge alone but also related to the process.In essence, science consists of three components, namely science as product, science as a process and scince as a scientific attitude.science as a process involving the process to obtain the result (product) which then expected to form a scientific attitude.Local excellences are the potential of an area to become a valuable product or service and can supplement regional income and is unique and has a competitive advantage (Ahmadi, et al., 2012).South Sumatra is one of the provinces of the island of Sumatra  (Tessmer, 2005).Thus, the research procedure is performed according to the flow chart shown in Figure 1. 1. Product Rating Sheet The product assessment sheet that will be used in this study aims to determine the quality of the resulting product.Product assessment sheets are developed based on aspects that will be developed that include material aspects, constructs, language and media.This product assessment sheet was used as a validator in assessing the quality of the local-based teaching materials generated in this study.

Questionnaire
Questionnaire to be used aims to determine the response of students to the

Trial)
At this stage, the researchers try out textbooks that have been made in the science learning in elementary school from one to one stage to field test.3.

Field Test Evaluation
Field trials were conducted on prototype III which was the result of revision after small group evaluation stage.In the field evaluation phase, learning is done by using teaching materials in class.At the end of the activity, a test of learning outcomes was conducted to measure the effectiveness of teaching materials.Prototype III was revised based on the results of the field test to produce a final prototype as the final product that is ready to be used in the science learning in elementary school on a regular basis.The result of student activity observation on field test evaluation is presented in the Table 7.In this stage, the researchers also conducted before the pretest of learning begins, intended to measure students' early ability on ecosystem material.
Next postest is done at the end of learning.
The results of student pretest and postes can be seen in Figure 2.
Science is a combination of biological sciences, physics and chemistry is seen as one of the difficult subjects.The presumption that this science subject is difficult is shown from the results of National Examination in primary and secondary school students every year is always lower than other subjects.According to Susanto (2013), one of the facing education world today is weak implementation of learning process applied by teacher at school.The learning process during this less able to develop the thinking ability of students.Implementation of the learning process in the classroom is only directed at the ability of students to memorize information, students' brains are only forced to remember and to accumulate many information without being required to understand the information obtained to connect with the situation in daily life.Efforts to improve the quality of the learning process, one of them is by using the appropriate teaching materials.Results of reflection of science subjects in the Primary School Teacher Education Program, the teaching materials subjects of science learning in elementary school is still text books oriented.The textual material of book oriented text provides examples that match the content of the book.The lectures take place by conveying theories and lacking equip local phenomena in science learning in elementary school.The result is poor with examples that exist around the daily lives of students.Lectures take place only in the form of information transfer and students difficult to understand.In addition to elementary school teachers are also difficult to find teaching materials specifically contain local excellences of a region, such as local excellences in South Sumatra.To overcome this gap, it is necessary to develop teaching materials for the subjects of science learning in elementary school by loading elements of local excellences of South Sumatra.

Figure 1 .
Figure 1.Flow Chart of Research Activities Development of Teaching Materials Techniques data collection in this study is to use the following instruments:


Teaching and learning quality of teaching materials produced.The questionnaire will be used in the One-to-one Evaluation, Small group evaluation and Field Test Evaluation.3.Test the Learning OutcomesThe test of learning outcomes that will be used aims to determine the learning outcomes of students after following the lesson with materials based on local excellenes of South Sumatra.The test of this learning result is done at Field Test Evaluation stage.The data obtained were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively then interpreted.The results of the study were carefully discussed.These results are compared with other similar research results and theoretical studies.RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The expected result of this research is teaching materials in the form of a book entitled learning science in elementary school based on local excellenses of South Sumatera for grade V elementary school.Development of teaching materials focused on basic competencies 3.4 Identify changes occurring in nature, their relation to the use of natural resources, and the effect of human activities on the balance of the surrounding At this stage, efforts are made to obtain information related to the teaching materials of science learning used by teachers when teaching.The results of interviews with teachers obtained information that the teacher only teaches the concept or teaching materials in accordance with the existing book, the teacher book and student book.Existing teacher books and student books do not specifically create material related to the student's culture or day-to-day.So teachers need to memorize examples close to the daily life of students.Attempts to always provide examples close to the life of this student need time, good planning and adequate ability by the teacher.Therefore, elementary school teachers in the school welcomed the effort of teaching materials based on local excellences of South Sumatra.In addition, according to their learning science based on local excellences of South Sumatra is very important taught to students in order to provide information in order to be able to understand the potential and uniqueness that exist in South Sumatra.After knowing the needs of the next field of researchers conducted a study of literature related to the development of materials based on the excellences of South Sumatra.According to Coben & Aikenhead (1997), the integration of the local environment is important to do.This is because; the first knowledge of the students about the subject matter in the form of the local environment around is a preliminary knowledge that is brought in the lesson.Second, learning materials with local potentials can enhance students' understanding of their environment.Third, can increase the love of students with the potential of the region.Fourth, to explain the concept described can use examples that are familiar with the environment of students.Given the many benefits to be gained, the researchers concluded the need to continue the development of materials based on local excellences of South Sematera.Furthermore, researchers enter the design stage.Stage of DesignAt this stage is done to determine the material to be created teaching materials.From the analysis results determined basic competencies 3.4Identify changes occurring in nature, their relation to the use of natural resources, and the influence of human activities on the balance of excellences is one of the potential that exists in every region that can be used as an interesting contextual material to be taught in schools experts has been done, so the researchers done revision according to the suggestions of the validator.The input of the validator related to the language of teaching materials is still found that has not been in accordance with the enhanced spelling (EYD) and the use of language must be designed well for elementary school age children.In addition, it is suggested to bring more contents of local excellences of South Sumtera packed in an interesting story and with a more varied image.The validation results from the experts have been improved by the researchers then go into the implementation phase.
At this stage, evaluation is conducted to test the validity, practicality and effectiveness of the prototype.The evaluation is done and media.Material validation is done to assess the material presented in the resource.Constructed validation is carried out to assess the quality of teaching materials used in the development of the product.Language validation related to language usage in teaching materials.Media validation is performed to assess the design of the resource.This evaluation is conducted during implementation.c.One-to-one Evaluation The product was tested on three elementary students.At this stage, selected students who have different abilities are high, medium and low.Researchers teach by using teaching materials that have been prepared.At the end of the activity, questionnaires are distributed to students to know their responses to the prototype that has been developed while also measuring the practicality of the teaching materials in the learning process.Student comments at the one-to-one evaluation stage are used to make revisions to produce prototype II as shown on Table

Figure 2
Figure 2 showed the average pretest and posttest values of class V.B.Based on the picture, it is known that there is an increase in the average value.The average value of class V.B before the use of science learning materials based on local excellences of South Sumatra is only 55.81, while the average value after the use of teaching materials learning science based on local excellences of South Sumatra has increased to 81.76.The average increase in pretest and posttest results can be seen from the average gain of 25.95.This means the use of teaching materials science learning based on local excellences of South Sumatra can

Figure 2 .
Figure 2. Pretest and Postes Results at the Field Test Evaluation stage CONCLUSION Based on the results of the research, it can be concluded that the teaching materials based on local excellences of South Sumatra declared valid by all validators.Once tested in one to one, small group evaluation, field test evaluation of this instructional material is considered practical.So it can be concluded that the teaching materials of science learning in elementary school based on local excellences of South Sumatera is feasible use in the learning process.SUGGESTION The suggestions for further research can develop teaching materials with other basic competencies and other subjects.In addition, it can also apply information of local excellences in South Sumatra in learning by integrating model, media or assessment instruments.

Table 1 .
The local excellences of South Sumatra

Table 3
Students' Response to Teaching Materials Based on Local Excellences of South Sumatra in the One-to-One Evaluation Stage

Table 6 .
The Observation Results of Student Activity at Small Group Evaluation Stage

Table 8 ,
it is known that most of the students give very agreeable response are 56,76%, and 41,62% students give response agree.This means that the teaching materials of science learning based on local excellences of South Sumatra get a positive response from students.