Orbital Performance Simulation of Ring Type Electro Motor Compared with Radial Motor Using Magnet Software

The use of fossil fuels is currently very high, resulting in an increase of CO 2 in the atmosphere. The transport sector is currently the largest contributor to the greenhouse effect worldwide. Electric vehicles are the main solution for researchers to develop. This study compares force, torque, and orbital flux of electro-orbital ring-type motors and radial electro-motors. This research uses a simulation method to determine the value of force, torque, and linkage flux in each type of motor using MagNet Software. This research is development research using a simulation approach. The simulation test subjects consisted of computers, MagNet 7.5 software, Solidworks, Calipers, Protractors, and Rulers. There are 3 data collected in this research, and the data are as follows: (1) force, (2) torque, and (3) linkage flux. Data analysis was done by simulating with magnet software and then comparing the test results on the linkage force, torque and flux. The simulation results are then compared to determine the performance of each motor. The result of this research is that the performance of the ring-type orbital electro motor compared to the radial electro motor is better in attractive conditions, but lower in repulsive conditions. In the magnetic attraction condition, the average value ratio of the ring type orbital electro motor compared to the radial electro motor is 1.08:1 force, 1.68:1 torque, and 1:1.03 linkage flux. In the reject condition, the average ratio of ring-type electro motor orbitals compared to radial electro motor is 1:1.3 force


INTRODUCTION
The automobility literature has spent the last decade or so attempting to observe and influence the dynamic tenacity of passenger  In the first analysis, with a magnet width of 20 mm, a power output of 500 watts is produced, a torque value of 1.5813 Nm, an air gap flux density of 1.1 T, an average inrush current of 2.5322 A, a speed value of 3020 rpm.In the second analysis using a 28 mm wide magnet with the same parameters, a power output of 1000.21Watt was produced, a torque value of 4.36285 Nm, an air gap flux density of 0.578028 T, an average inrush current of 5.72171 A, a speed value of 2189, 24rpm.
Based on the research that has been done, it is concluded that the size of the magnet affects the resulting output power-the smaller the width of the magnet, the smaller the output power, and vice versa.Based on the weaknesses that exist in electric motors in general above, the author together with the supervisor has a new idea, namely the design of a ring-type orbital electro motor.The design that the author designed is expected to be able to produce maximum torque output and be able to be mass produced.Analyses have also been carried out but there are still shortcomings.
Therefore, re-analysis is needed by comparing the developed ring-type orbital electro motor with another type of electric motor, namely radial electro motor.The analysis was done in more detail using MagNet software.

RESEARCH METHOD
This research is development research

Figure 2. Flowchart of the research
The geometry creation stage is the initial stage before carrying out the simulation.The design is made based on a predetermined size.

Setting Units
Setting units is the first step that needs to be done before the design process in the MagNet Software.This process is carried out to determine the units used in the design or analysis.The unit setting step is by clicking the Tools menu, selecting Set Units, and selecting the units to use.

RESULT AND DISCUSSION
The development of ring-type orbital electro-motors is in the design of magnets and coils as well as input parameters during the simulation process using MagNet 7.5 software.

Figure 10. Magnet/Rotor
The design is done with the provisions in the design parameters.The design parameters that have been determined by researchers will be applied in this design, the design parameters include size, material, and boundary conditions.The simulation uses variations in the degree of magnetic shift.The variation of the degree of magnetic shift used is -200, -180, -160, -140, -120, -100, -80, -60, -40, -20,0, 20,40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140, 160, 180, 200.Tests were carried out under attractive and repulsive magnetic conditions.There are 3 data collected in this study, these data include development of various kinds of increasingly sophisticated equipment.One of the many efforts made by various countries in the world in the current era of technological development is in the field of transportation.One of them is the development of electric cars.The existence of an electric car is one of the breakthroughs from batteries to electric motors.The history of electric car breakthroughs has been running from ancient times and is very long, starting in the 1700s to 1800s [3].An electric car is one that is powered by an electric motor that is powered by electrical energy stored in a battery [4].Around the 18th century, electric cars began to be developed, several scientists from the United States (US), the Netherlands, Hungary began to focus on electric vehicles.Adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) has the potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, energy dependency, and resource scarcity [5].A time series analysis summarizes the possible relationships between new energy vehicles and crude oil imports, i.e., new energy vehicles will reduce demand for oil in the transportation sector as alternatives to fuel vehicles [6].

Figure 1 .
Figure 1.IPM motor in visualization Kholis designed a permanent magnet synchronous generator using MagNet Infolytica 7.5 Software [18].The method applied is Finite Element.The generator designed in his research is a radial flux type with a combination of 12 slots, 8 poles, 5 cm thick, using 12 rotary windings rotated at 100 rpm, 13 cm in diameter, and a frequency of 66.667 Hz.This research aims to know the results of variations in the generator model, geometry, number of turns, type of material, rotational speed, efficiency, and desired output power.The simulation is carried out without and using load, with variations in load and rpm.Generator design is a full 2dimensional model in MagNet 7.5 Software.Variations in rpm applied to obtain output and efficiency data are 500, 1000, 1500, and 2000 rpm.The simulation results with a speed variation of 2000 rpm get the highest voltage value of 361.8 Volts which is a no-load simulation.Simulation tests using a load get the lowest efficiency of 83% and the highest efficiency of 89%.Mathematical modeling used in this study includes force equations, magnetic modeling, coil resistance and coil inductance, torque and EMF calculations, energy calculations, and the power generated.Internal permanent magnet motor design using CAD for electric motor design.Permanent magnet motors are

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[7][21-31].Development on orbital electro motor ring type and compared with radial electro motor to determine the comparison of electromagnetic output that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.Electric motors currently on the market have several types.In general, electric motors are divided into two based on the voltage source, namely, 1) AC (Alternating Current) and 2) DC (Direct Current) motors.Development was carried out because the previous design had shortcomings and errors in determining the magnetic poles.The simulation test subjects consisted of computers, MagNet 7.5 software, Solidworks, Calipers, Protractors, and Rulers.There are 3 data collected in this research, and the data are as follows: (1) force, (2) torque, and (3) linkage flux.Data analysis was done by simulating with magnet software and then comparing the test results on the linkage force, torque and flux.The development stage starts from analyzing the design and simulation results of previous ring-type orbital electro motors, then designing and performing the development design and performing simulations, which are then compared with Volume 8, Number 1, May 2023 ISSN 2528-2611, e-ISSN 2528-2700 radial electro motor simulations.The simulation results compared include force, torque, and linkage flux.Before conducting the analysis, the parameters were determined first.

Figure 3 .
Figure 3. Magnet software unit's settings 2. Construction Grid Settings The Construction Grid is a guideline which, in this case, is in the form of dots that line up with each other to make it easier to make 2D designs.The Construction Grid setting aims to bring out these lines.Set Construction Grid by clicking the View menu, selecting Set Construction Grid, then clicking the Construction Grid.The following image is a display of the construction grid settings.

Figure 6 .
Figure 6.Material settings 7. Simple Coil Properties Settings Before setting the simple coil properties, you must make a simple coil first by selecting the coil section in the design (Ctrl+Click the top coil+Click the bottom coil), then select the Model menu on the toolbar, then select Make Simple Coil.

Figure 7 .
Figure 7. Make simple coil The next step is setting properties by specifying The of Turns.Simple coil right-

Figure 8 .
Figure 8. Coil properties settings The waveform setting is to change the current to DC. Setting current and voltage is done by selecting the parameters menu, then filling in the current used in analysis or testing.8.Object Properties SettingsThis process is the step of setting Mesh and Adaptation before analysis or testing.Setting Mesh is done by right-clicking the main object, selecting properties, selecting Mesh, then checking the maximum element sizethe more detailed the Mesh settings, the more accurate the results.After setting the Mesh, then setting the adaptation, the way to set the adaptation is the same as setting the Mesh because it is still in the properties menu.

Figure 9 .
Figure 9. Object properties settings 9. Process Simulation After the mesh and adaptation settings are complete, the simulation process is ready to run.Click on the sub-object name, then right

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Force, [2] Torque, and [3] Linkage Flux.Development was carried out on the orbital design of the ring-type electro motor.This development design aims to get more accurate and better results.The results of the development design can be seen in Figures 10 and 11.

Table 1 .
Size of materials