Design of Laboratory Scale Oil Distillation Machine

Abstract

In Indonesia there are 4,000 old oil wells are not exploited again by Pertamina because
it is not economical, some old wells exploited and processed in the traditional way.
Their traditional oil processing has not significantly give a role to the income of local
communities, as the mining process that is not managed by modern technology
resulting in a weak bargaining position. This study aims to participate in the welfare of
the community in areas rich in oil resources and also support the energy security by
developing technologies distillationof crude oil into diesel by exploiting oil wells
parents who are not exploited again by Pertamina that will improve the bargaining
position (bargaining power), increase revenue, reduce unemployment and poverty and
has created a system of social safety nets and insurance against society.The method
used is the method of Pahl and Beitz, which consists of the Planning and Task
Clarification, Conceptual Design, Embodiment Design, and Detail Design.The results of
the research are the best variant for the design of machines fractional distillation of
petroleum laboratory scale variant 1 (Boiler cylinder - 0.5 inch Pipe - Tubes distillation
cylinder - gas stove), by reason of the appropriate size pipe diameter and more secure
than the variance other variants. While the dimensions obtained from the draft is 1.31
m 2 for a total dimension of the tower area (AT) and 408 mm for diameter Total Tower
(DT), and 3 mm for the reactor tube wall thickness. In addition, the test results of oil
that has been processed using distillation machine laboratory scale show still makes
diesel specifications in accordance with standards established by the Government,
namely the specifications for specific gravity, viscosity, water content, maximum
heating and visual appearance.