IDENTIFIKASI KOMPONEN KIMIA ASAP CAIR TEMPURUNG KELAPA DARI WILAYAH ANYER BANTEN

Jayanudin .; Endang Suhendi

doi:10.33512/j.agrtek.v4i1.619

IDENTIFIKASI KOMPONEN KIMIA ASAP CAIR TEMPURUNG KELAPA DARI WILAYAH ANYER BANTEN

Jayanudin ., Endang Suhendi

Abstract

Liquid smoke is the vinegar of biomass pyrolysis process. Cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin would be degraded into phenol compounds, carbonyls and organic acids that serves as a flavor enhancer and as an antifungal and antibacterial. The purpose of this study was to determine the chemical components in the liquid smoke from Anyer Banten region. This study is divided into two phases, namely phase pyrolysis of coconut shells at 300oC, 400oC and 500oC, pyrolysis time is 2, 3 and 4 hours, and coconut shell size 6-10 mm, 4-6 mm, and 1.6 - 4 mm. This stage produces dark red liquid, so do the second stage distillations process to obtain a pure liquid smoke. Liquid smoke with the greatest yield was analyzed using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS) QP.2010S Shimadzu. Based on the results of the study there were 11 chemical components were identified, the largest component is 46.56% acetic acid and phenol at 12.93%.

Keywords: Liquid smoke, coconut shell, pyrolysis, acetic acid, phenol

Keywords

tanaman

Full Text:

PDF

References

Budijanto, S., Hasbullah, R., Prabawati, S., Setyadjit, Sukarno dan Zuraida, I., 2008. Identifikasi dan Uji Keamanan Asap Cair Tempurung Kelapa Untuk Produk Pangan. J. Pascapanen. Vol. 5 No. 1. Hal. 32-40.

Darmadji, P., 1996, Aktivitas Anti Bakteri Asap Cair Yang Diproduksi Dari Bermacam – macam Limbah Pertani, Agritech, Vol 16, No.4, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian., UGM., Yogyakarta., hal 19 – 22.

Darmadji, P., Supriyadi dan Hidayat, 1999. Produksi Asap Cair Limbah Padat Rempah Dengan Cara Pirolisa. Agritech, 19 (1):11-15, Yogyakarta.

Demirbas, A. 2005. Pyrolysis of ground beech wood in irregular heating rate conditions. Journal of Analytical Applied and Pyrolysis. 73:39-43.

Di Blasi, C. ,2008, “Modeling Chemical and Physical Processes of Wood and Biomass Pyrolisis”, Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 34 , 47-99

Fatimah, F., Muchalal., Respati., 1999., Pemisahan Senyawa Hidrokarbon Polisiklis dalam Asap Cair Tempurung Kelapa., Teknosains, 12(1), UGM.,Yogyakarta.

Fengel, D., G. Wegener. 1995. Kayu : Kimia, Ultrastruktur, Reaksi-reaksi. Diterjemahkan oleh Hardjono Sastrohamidjoyo. Cetakan I, Gajah Mada University Press, Yogyakarta. Hal. 124-154.

Gani, A,. 2007. Konversi Sampah Organik Pasar Menjadi Komarasca (Kompos-Arang Aktif-Asap Cair) dan Aplikasinya pada Tanaman Daun Dewa. Thesis. Sekolah Pascasarjana, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor

Girrard, J.P., 1992, Technology of Meat and Meat Products, Ellis Horwood, New York.

Guiilen, M.D. , M.J. Manzanos and M.L. Ibargoi t ia. 2001. Carbohydrate and nitrogenated compounds in liquid smoke flavorings. J Agric Food Chem 49:2395-2403.

Guillen, M.D., M.J. Manzanos and L. Zabala. 1995. Study of commercial liquid smoke flavoring by means of Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and Fourier transporm Infrared Spectroscopy. J Agric Food Chem 43:463-468.

Guillen, M.D., P. Sopelana and M.A. Partearroyo. 2000. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in liquid smoke flavorings obtained from different types of wood, effect of storage in polyethylene flasks on their concentrations. J Agric Food Chem 48: 5083-6087

Johansyah. 2011. Pemanfaatan Asap Cair Limbah Tempurung Kelapa Sebagai Alternatif Koagulan Lateks.Skripsi. Program Studi Keteknikan Pertanian. Fakultas Pertanian. Universitas Sumatera Utara. Medan.

Karseno, P. Darmadji dan K. Rahayu. 2002. Daya hambat asap cair kayu karet terhadap bakteri pengkontaminan lateks dan ribbed smoke sheet. Agritech 21(1):10-15.

Luditama, Candra. 2006. Isolasi dan Pemurnian Asap Cair Berbahan Dasar Tempurung dan Sabut Kelapa Secara Pirolisis dan Distilasi. Skripsi. Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor

Maga, J.A., 1987, Smoke in Food Processing, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, Florida.

Nakai, T., S. N. Kartal, T. Hata, and Y. Imamura. 2006. Chemical characterization of pyrolysis liquids of wood-based composites and evaluation of their bioefficiency. Building Environmental. In press.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.33512/j.agrtek.v4i1.619