PENGARUH LAMA PERENDAMAN, KONSENTRASI DAN JENIS PELARUT TERHADAP ANTOSIANIN DARI EKSTRAK BUNGA TELANG (CLITORIA TERNATEA)

Desi Riana Saputri, Yuniar Luthfia Listyadevi, Damayanti Damayanti, Wika Atroauriyani, Yunita Fahni, Andri Sanjaya, Fidel Abdiman Zega, Fikri Rahmatul Ikhlas

Abstract


Bunga telang (Clitoria ternatea) merupakan jenis tanaman di Indonesia yang sedang dikembangkan manfaat kandungan senyawa antosianinnya sebagai antioksidan. Proses ekstraksi untuk mendapatkan antosianin dari ekstrak bunga telang membutuhkan beberapa variasi dari segi penggunaan pelarutnya agar hasil optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh variabel lama perendaman, konsentrasi, dan jenis pelarut terhadap kandungan antosianin pada bunga telang. Proses perendaman bunga telang dilakukan selama 6, 12, dan 18 jam mengunakan pelarut etanol dengan masing-masing konsentrasi 60 dan 90%. Selanjutnya, proses penguapan pelarut dengan rotary evaporator pada suhu 60°C dengan kecepatan 50 rpm. Proses analisis senyawa dilakukan dengan menggunakan alat spektrofotometri UV-Visibel dan sampel dengan konsentrasi terbaik dianalisis menggunakan liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (LC-MS). Rendemen ekstrak tertinggi terdapat pada perendaman 18 jam yaitu sebesar 29, 25%b/v untuk pelarut etanol 60% dan 5%b/v untuk pelarut etil asetat 60%. Ekstrak antosianin lebih larut dengan menggunakan pelarut etanol dibandingkan etil asetat. Jenis antosianin yang teridentifikasi diindikasikan sebagai cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, Cn-3-(6”-p-coumaroylgluc-oside), Dp-3-(6”-p-coumaroylglucoside), dan delphinidin-3-O-glucoside.


Keywords


Antosianin; Bunga telang; Ekstraksi; Pelarut

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.36055/jip.v12i1.19888

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