THE EFFECT OF OIL PALM EMPTY FRUIT BUNCH (OPEFB) FILLER ON THE IMPACT STRENGTH, SURFACE MORPHOLOGY, AND THERMAL PROPERTIES OF HIGH IMPACT POLYSTYRENE (HIPS)/OPEFB COMPOSITES

Silvia Silvia, Safira Afrilia, Khadijah Sayyidatun Nisa, Desi Budi Ariani

Abstract


Penelitian ini mengkaji pengaruh filler Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS) terhadap sifat mekanik dan termal komposit High-Impact Polystyrene (HIPS). Polimer HIPS, yang dikenal karena ketahanan impaknya, dikombinasikan dengan filler TKKS untuk dikaji perubahan yang terjadi terhadap kekuatan impak, suhu transisi kaca (Tg), suhu leleh (Tm), entalpi pelelehan (ΔHm), dan morfologi permukaan. Komposit HIPS/TKKS, dengan variasi persentase TKKS 0%b, 10%b, 15%b, dan 20%b, disiapkan menggunakan Compounder dan Manual Forming Machine. Pengujian kekuatan impak dilakukan dengan metode Charpy unnotched, sementara pengujian morfologi serta sifat termal dilakukan menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) dan Differential Scanning Calorimetry. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan penurunan kekuatan impak seiring dengan meningkatnya kandungan TKKS yang disebabkan oleh lemahnya ikatan antarmuka antara matriks HIPS yang bersifat hidrofobik dan filler TKKS yang bersifat hidrofilik. Analisis termal menunjukkan penurunan Tg, Tm, dan ΔHm yang mengindikasikan perubahan pada kristalinitas dan mobilitas rantai polimer akibat penambahan filler TKKS pada matriks HIPS. Observasi morfologi permukaan menunjukkan adanya pori-pori ukuran besar dan tidak merata, terutama pada pengisian TKKS yang lebih besar, yang berkontribusi pada penurunan performa kuat impak komposit. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan signifikan mengenai penggunaan TKKS tanpa modifikasi sebagai filler dalam komposit HIPS. Penelitian ini mengungkap tantangan yang timbul akibat sifat hidrofilik filler TKKS dan dampaknya terhadap sifat termal dan mekanik komposit HIPS/TKKS. Temuan ini menekankan pentingnya peningkatan kompatibilitas antarmuka untuk mendukung pengembangan material komposit HIPS/TKKS yang berkelanjutan dan ekonomis.


Keywords


HIPS; Kekuatan impak; Komposit; Sifat termal; TKKS

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.62870/jip.v13i2.28392

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