PENGARUH KOMBINASI PRETREATMENT, HIDROLISIS, DAN FERMENTASI TERHADAP PRODUKSI BIOETANOL DARI LIMBAH PADAT AREN

Dennis Farina Nury, Muhammad Zulfikar Luthfi, Tri Widjaja

Abstract


Keterbatasan sumber daya berbasis fosil mendorong pencarian bahan bakar alternatif yang lebih berkelanjutan, salah satunya bioetanol dari limbah biomassa. Limbah padat aren, hasil samping dari ekstraksi nira, memiliki potensi besar sebagai bahan baku bioetanol meskipun kandungan ligninnya yang tinggi menghambat proses hidrolisis. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi pengaruh kombinasi pretreatment, hidrolisis, dan fermentasi terhadap produksi bioetanol. Pretreatment menggunakan kombinasi asam sulfat (H₂SO₄) 5% dan organosolv dengan etanol dilakukan untuk meningkatkan delignifikasi. Pada hidrolisis, enzim selulase Trichoderma reesei dan xilanase digunakan untuk mengubah hemiselulosa dan selulosa menjadi gula reduksi. Dalam proses fermentasi, Saccharomyces cerevisiae dan S. cerevisiae - Pichia stipitis digunakan untuk mengubah gula menjadi bioetanol. Hasil menunjukkan delignifikasi tertinggi dicapai pada pretreatment H₂SO₄ 5% dan organosolv selama 60 menit. Yield bioetanol tertinggi (0,26%) diperoleh dengan kombinasi S. cerevisiae dan P. stipitis selama fermentasi 72 jam. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi proses pretreatment dan hidrolisis secara efektif dapat digunakan untuk mengkonversi limbah padat aren menjadi bioetanol.


Keywords


Aren; Bioetanol; Delignifikasi; Fermentasi; Organosolv

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References


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.62870/jip.v13i2.28466

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