Kadar Logam Timbal (Pb) dalam Lipstik yang Diperjualbelikan di Pasar Minggu Kota Cimahi

Perdina Nursidika, Ganthina Sugihartina, Rismalasari Rismalasari

Abstract


Abstrak: Peningkatan penggunaan kosmetik memicu peningkatan produksi dan penyebaran kosmetik di Indonesia. Lipstik merupakan salah satu kosmetik yang banyak dimiliki oleh para pecinta kosmetik. Para pencinta kosmetik biasanya memiliki banyak koleksi untuk lipstick, dibandingkan dengan jenis kosmetik lain. Kebutuhan yang tinggi akan lipstik, menyebabkan kesadaran akan bahan yang kemungkinan berbahaya pada kosmetik. Banyaknya logam berat dalam produk kecantikan bibir, logam terdapat dalam produk lipstick karena kebutuhan formulasi pigmen. Timbal merupakan salah satu logam yang digunakan sebagai pigmen warna. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi kadar timbal dalam lipstick tidak bermerek yang dijual secara bebas dan merupakan produk yang paling diminati konsumen. Sepuluh sampel liptsik diperoleh dari Pasar Minggu kota Cimahi dan dilakukan analisis kandungan timbal. Hasil menunjukkan konsentrasi timbal dalam lipstick bervariasi antara 19,51- 56 ppm. Kadar timbal dalam delapan sampel melebihi nilai ambang batas yang dipersyaratkan BPOM. Hal ini dapat membahayakan konsumen yang menggunakan lipstick tersebut setiap hari. Timbal dalam lipstick dapat diserap tubuh melalui absorbsi dermal maupun tertelan. absorbsi timbal melalui kulit dapat menurunkan aktivitas enzim delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALA-D) di hati tikus yang dipapar senyawa timbal. Timbal terdistribusi pula pada organ hati, ginjal, otak, limfa, dan otot. Selain organ tubuh, sel darah merupakan target sasaran timbal. Eritrosit memiliki afinitas yang tinggi terhadap timbal. Anemia hipokrom atapun normokrom merupakan ciri dari paparan timbal, hal ini merupakan efek dari terbentuknya ROS dan hemolysis eritrosit. Efek dari logam berat seperti timbal dalam kosmetik dapat berbahaya sehingga meski adanya upaya yang dibuat untuk informasi pada pengguna dan public secara umum.

Keywords


kosmetik; lipstick; timbal

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30870/educhemia.v3i2.3471

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