Gambaran Konsumsi Makan dan Kejadian Penyakit Tidak Menular pada Masyarakat Kelompok Dewasa
Abstract
Penyakit tidak menular cenderung mengalami peningkatan dari waktu ke waktu, bahkan hingga terjadi komplikasi dari beberapa jenis penyakit tidak menular yang ditemukan pada masyarakat, sehingga upaya penanganan menjadi lebih kompleks mengingat adanya interaksi sejumlah penyakit yang satu dengan penyakit lainnya. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran kejadian penyakit tidak menular dan kebiasaan konsumsi makanan pada masyarakat kelompok dewasa. Metode: Penelitian merupakan jenis penelitian deskripsif terhadap 250 subjek kelompok dewasa yang dikaji kebiasaan makan dan Riwayat penyakit tidak menular yang dialami maupuan yang dialami oleh anggota keluarga. Penelitian menunjukkan frekuensi penyakit tidak menular yang paling banyak adalah hipertensi (47,5%), hiperkolesterolemia (18,0%) dan diabetes melitus (13,2%). Sementara itu juga terdapat komplikasi penyakit tidak menular diantaranya komplikasi diabetes melitus dengan hipertensi (9,8%), komplikasi diabetes melitus dengan hiperkolesterolemia (4,9%), serta komplikasi diabetes melitus, hipertensi, hiperkolesterolemia dan penyakit jantung coroner (6,6%). Gambaran frekuensi makan menunjukkan konsumsi makanan pokok yang sering dikonsumsi adalah serealia (92,4%), konsumsi protein nabati dari kacang – kacangan kategori sering (48,8%), frekuensi konsumsi sayur cukup tinggi yakni konsumsi sayur dengan frekuensi sering (90,0%), konsumsi buah kategori sering (59,6%), konsumsi protein hewani jenis daging putih kategori sering (50,0%) dan ikan (98,0%), sementara frekuensi sering konsumsi makanan besiko gula, madu dan olahannya (70,0%) dan minyak (88,4%). Jenis penyakit tidak menular paling banyak adalah jenis hipertensi sementara frekuensi sering makanan pokok jenis serealia, daging putih, telur dan jenis sayuran.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Bergheanu, S. C., Bodde, M. C., & Jukema, J. W. (2017). Pathophysiology and treatment of atherosclerosis: Current view and future perspective on lipoprotein modification treatment. Netherlands Heart Journal, 25, 231‑242.
Bohari, B., Nuryani, N., Abdullah, R., Amaliah, L., & Hafid, F. (2021). Hubungan aktivitas fisik dan obesitas sentral dengan hiperglikemia wanita dewasa: Cross-sectional study. AcTion: Aceh Nutrition Journal, 6(2), 199‑206.
Borhanuddin, B., Ahmad, N., Shah, S. A., Murad, N. A. A., Zakaria, S. Z. S., Kamaruddin, M. A., … Dauni, A. (2018). Association of job sectors with type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia and obesity: a cross-sectional study from the Malaysian Cohort (TMC) project. International Health, 10(5), 382‑390.
Chen, R., Ovbiagele, B., & Feng, W. (2016). Diabetes and stroke: epidemiology, pathophysiology, pharmaceuticals and outcomes. The American journal of the medical sciences, 351(4), 380‑386.
Chia, C. W., Egan, J. M., & Ferrucci, L. (2018). Age-related changes in glucose metabolism, hyperglycemia, and cardiovascular risk. Circulation research, 123(7), 886‑904.
Deshpande, A. D., Harris-Hayes, M., & Schootman, M. (2008). Epidemiology of diabetes and diabetes-related complications. Physical therapy, 88(11), 1254‑1264.
Fernström, M., Fernberg, U., & Hurtig-Wennlöf, A. (2019). Insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and body fat (%) are associated to low intake of fruit and vegetables in Swedish, young adults: the cross-sectional lifestyle, biomarkers and atherosclerosis study. BMC nutrition, 5(1), 1‑9.
GBD, C. (2017). Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet (London, England), 390(10100), 1345.
Gelibo, T., Amenu, K., Taddele, T., Taye, G., Getnet, M., Getachew, T., … Shiferaw, F. (2017). Low fruit and vegetable intake and its associated factors in Ethiopia: a community based cross sectional NCD steps survey. Ethiopian Journal of Health Development, 31(1), 355‑361.
Giri, B., Dey, S., Das, T., Sarkar, M., Banerjee, J., & Dash, S. K. (2018). Chronic hyperglycemia mediated physiological alteration and metabolic distortion leads to organ dysfunction, infection, cancer progression and other pathophysiological consequences: an update on glucose toxicity. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy, 107, 306‑328.
Group, T. S. (2013). Lipid and inflammatory cardiovascular risk worsens over 3 years in youth with type 2 diabetes: the TODAY clinical trial. Diabetes Care, 36(6), 1758‑1764.
Handayani, D. S., Yudianto, K., & Kurniawan, T. (2013). Perilaku self-management pasien diabetes melitus (DM). Jurnal Keperawatan Padjadjaran, 1(1).
Harbuwono, D. S., Pramono, L. A., Yunir, E., & Subekti, I. (2018). Obesity and central obesity in Indonesia: evidence from a national health survey. Medical Journal of Indonesia, 27(2), 114‑120.
Hizni, A., Bakri, B., Adi, A. C., Riyadi, B. D., Wijayanti, A., Doloksaribu, B., … Sukandar, D. (2016). Ilmu Gizi: Teori dan Aplikasi. EGC.
Hua, F. (2020). New insights into diabetes mellitus and its complications: a narrative review. Annals of translational medicine, 8(24).
Kemenkes. (2018). Hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2018. Jakarta : Kemenkes RI.
Kjøllesdal, M., Htet, A. S., Stigum, H., Hla, N. Y., Hlaing, H. H., Khaine, E. K., … Mauk, K. K. A. (2016). Consumption of fruits and vegetables and associations with risk factors for non-communicable diseases in the Yangon region of Myanmar: a cross-sectional study. BMJ open, 6(8), e011649.
La Sala, L., Prattichizzo, F., & Ceriello, A. (2019). The link between diabetes and atherosclerosis. European journal of preventive cardiology, 26(2_suppl), 15‑24.
Lasimpala, L., Nuryani, N., Ramadhani, F., & Kau, M. (2021). Gambaran Pola Makan dan Pengetahuan Sindrom Metabolik pada Kelompok Dewasa. Gorontalo Journal Of Nutrition And Dietetic, 1(2), 64‑73.
Marks, G. C., Hughes, M. C., & van der Pols, J. C. (2006). Relative validity of food intake estimates using a food frequency questionnaire is associated with sex, age, and other personal characteristics. The Journal of nutrition, 136(2), 459‑465.
Marrón-Ponce, J. A., Flores, M., Cediel, G., Monteiro, C. A., & Batis, C. (2019). Associations between consumption of ultra-processed foods and intake of nutrients related to chronic non-communicable diseases in Mexico. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 119(11), 1852‑1865.
Nalole, D., Nuryani, N., Maesarah, M., & Adam, D. (2021). Gambaran Pengetahuan, Status Gizi, Konsumsi Zat Gizi dan Kepatuhan Diet pada Pasien Diabetes Mellitus. Gorontalo Journal Of Nutrition And Dietetic, 1(2), 74‑81.
Nuryani, Muhdar IN, Ramadhani F, Paramata Y, Adi DI, B. (2021). Association of Physical Activity and Dietary Patterns with Adults Abdominal Obesity in Gorontalo Regency, Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Current research in nutrition and food science, 9(1), 280 – 292. https://doi.org/doi:10.12944/CRNFSJ.9.1.26.
Papatheodorou, K., Banach, M., Bekiari, E., Rizzo, M., & Edmonds, M. (2018). Complications of diabetes 2017. Journal of diabetes research. Hindawi.
Sánchez-Chaparro, M. A., Román-García, J., Calvo-Bonacho, E., Gómez-Larios, T., Fernández-Meseguer, A., Sáinz-Gutiérrez, J. C., … Gálvez-Moraleda, A. (2006). Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in the Spanish working population. Revista Española de Cardiología (English Edition), 59(5), 421‑430.
Sartika, R. A. D., Atmarita, A., Duki, M. I. Z., Bardosono, S., Wibowo, L., & Lukito, W. (2022). Consumption of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Its Potential Health Implications in Indonesia. Kesmas: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Nasional (National Public Health Journal), 17(1).
Smith, L., López Sánchez, G. F., Veronese, N., Soysal, P., Oh, H., Barnett, Y., … Kostev, K. (2022). Fruit and vegetable intake and non-communicable diseases among adults aged≥ 50 years in low-and middle-income countries. The journal of nutrition, health & aging, 26(11), 1003‑1009.
Soelistijo SA, Suastika K, Lindarto D, Decroli E, Permana H, Sucipto KW, Kusnadi Y, Budiman, Ikhsan MR, Sasiarini L, Sanusi H, Nugroho KH, S. H. (2021). Pedoman Pengelolaan dan pencegahan diabetes melitus tipe 2 dewasa di Indonesia. Jakarta : PB. Perkeni.
Sudargo, T., Freitag, H., Rosiyani, F., & Kusmayanti, N. A. (2014). Pola Makan dan Obesitas. Yogyakarta. Gadjah Mada University Press. Retrieved from https://books. google. co. id/books.
Sun, D., Cao, Y.-X., You, X.-D., Zhou, B.-Y., Li, S., Guo, Y.-L., … Gao, Y. (2019). Clinical and genetic characteristics of familial hypercholesterolemia patients with type 2 diabetes. Journal of Endocrinological Investigation, 42, 591‑598.
Susanti, M., & Sulistyarini, T. (2013). Family Support Increasing the Diet Compliance Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Inpatient Ward of Kediri Baptist Hospital Ward. Jurnal Penelitian STIKES Kediri, 6(1), 21‑30.
Tomic, D., Shaw, J. E., & Magliano, D. J. (2022). The burden and risks of emerging complications of diabetes mellitus. Nature Reviews Endocrinology, 18(9), 525‑539.
Yildiz, M., Esenboğa, K., & Oktay, A. A. (2020). Hypertension and diabetes mellitus: highlights of a complex relationship. Current opinion in cardiology, 35(4), 397‑404.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.62870/jgkp.v5i2.26323
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2024 Nuryani Nuryani, Jumari Jumari, Astuti Nur
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.