OPTIMASI KONSENTRASI POLIETILEN GLIKOL UNTUK KUAT TARIK, ELONGASI, DAN BIODEGRADASI DALAM TANAH PADA EDIBLE FILM SELULOSA ASETAT

Rahmayetty Rahmayetty, Putri Dwi Ramadani, Raisa Astari, Nuryoto Nuryoto, Muhammad Triyogo Adiwibowo, Meri Yulvianti, Hendra Hendra

Abstract


Plastik konvensional yang digunakan sebagai kemasan makanan menimbulkan permasalahan serius karena ketahanannya terhadap panas yang rendah, serta potensi migrasi monomer ke dalam bahan yang dikemas. Permasalahan ini mendorong pencarian alternatif pengganti plastik dari sumber terbarukan yang aman bagi kesehatan dan ramah lingkungan. Salah satu polimer alam yang menjanjikan untuk produksi bioplastik adalah selulosa asetat, yang dikenal ramah lingkungan, tidak beracun, bersifat antimikroba, dan biokompatibel. Untuk meningkatkan kekuatan mekanik edible film berbahan selulosa asetat, digunakan polietilen glikol (PEG) sebagai plasticizer. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan konsentrasi PEG yang optimal dalam menghasilkan edible film dengan kekuatan terbaik dari segi kuat tarik, elongasi, dan biodegradasi tanah. Metode yang digunakan yaitu melarutkan 3 gram selulosa asetat ke dalam 30 mL aseton hingga larut sempurna, kemudian menambahkan PEG dengan variasi konsentrasi (1–5% v/v) dan diaduk hingga homogen. Larutan kemudian dicetak dalam cawan petri dan dikeringkan pada suhu ruang selama 24 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kuat tarik tertinggi (22,29 MPa, ketebalan 0,13 mm) diperoleh pada penambahan PEG 2%. Nilai elongasi tertinggi (66,8%, ketebalan 0,19 mm) dan tingkat biodegradasi terbaik dengan kehilangan berat 36% pada hari ke-14 diperoleh pada PEG 5%. Konsentrasi PEG optimal berada pada 2% dengan nilai tensile strength paling mendekati standar minimal SNI.


Keywords


Biodegradasi; Elongasi; Kuat tarik; Polietilen glikol; Selulosa asetat

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.62870/jip.v14i1.33264

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