Pengaruh pengarah angin dan kecepatan angin pada turbin savonius tiga sudu terhadap energi listrik yang dihasilkan

Sudirman Sudirman, Hadi Santoso

Abstract


Turbin savonius adalah diantara jenis turbin yang dapat digunakan pada kecepatan angin rendah. Variasi jumlah sudu turbin savonius yaitu dua sudu, tiga sudu, dan empat sudu. Turbin savonius dengan tiga sudu memiliki performa yang lebih baik dalam menghasilkan kecepatan rotasi daripada dua dan empat sudu. Dimensi dan konstruksi yang sederhana dan murah serta perawatan yang mudah dapat dikembangkan dan digunakan oleh masyarakat. Pada penelitian ini penambahan pengarah angin dan kecepatan angin pada turbin savonius tiga sudu diamati untuk mengetahui pengaruhnya terhadap energi listrik yang dihasilkan. Pengamatan pada penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode eksperimen. Pada kecepatan angin 5 m/s, prototipe turbin angin savonius tiga sudu menghasilkan tegangan listrik 2 Volt. Sedangkan saat menggunakan pengarah angin, tegangan listrik 2 Volt didapatkan pada kecepatan angin 4,5 m/s, sehingga penambahan pengarah angin pada prototipe turbin angin savonius tiga sudu dapat meningkatkan energi listrik yang dihasilkan. Selain itu variasi sudut pengarah angin terhadap arah datang angin juga mempengaruhi tegangan listrik yang dihasilkan. Pada variasi sudut 15, 20, 25, 30 derajat didapatkan sudut 20 derajat menghasilkan tegangan listrik maksimum untuk masing-masing kecepatan udara 1,8 m/s sampai dengan 4 m/s.

 

Savonius turbines are among the types of turbines that can be used at low wind speeds. The variations in the number of savonius turbine blades are two blades, three blades, and four blades. The three-blade savonius turbine performs better at producing rotational speed than the two and four blades. The dimensions and construction are simple and cheap and easy maintenance of this turbine can be developed and used by the community. In this study, the addition of wind directors and wind speed on the three-blade savonius turbine were observed to determine their effect on the electrical energy produced. Observations in this study were carried out by using the experimental method. At a wind speed of 5 m/s, the prototype three-blade savonius wind turbine produces a 2 Volt electric voltage. Meanwhile, when using a wind direction, a 2 Volt electric voltage is obtained at a wind speed of 4.5 m/s, so that the addition of a wind direction to the three-blade savonius wind turbine prototype can increase the electrical energy produced. In addition, variations in the wind direction angle to the direction of the wind also affect the resulting electrical voltage. In the variation of angles of 15, 20, 25, 30 degrees, the angle of 20 degrees is obtained which produces the maximum electric voltage for each air velocity of 1.8 m/s to 4 m/s.


Keywords


Turbin savonius, pengarah angin; tiga sudu;

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.36055/tjst.v16i2.9073

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Teknika: Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.