Integrasi HEC-RAS dan GIS dalam floodplain mapping Sungai Cilemer HM 53+00 – HM 105+00
Abstract
Sungai difungsikan sebagai kelengkapan sempurnanya lingkungan hidup, sebagai ekosistem yang dapat menjadikan kehidupan terus berjalan secara baik. Seiring perubahan serta peningkatan penduduk di Indonesia dapat mempengaruhi kondisi topografi dan keadaan sosial masyarakat. Perubahan tata guna lahan untuk tempat tinggal yang kian bertambah tanpa adanya pengendalian aliran permukaan memberikan dampak semakin sempitnya batasan sempadan sungai. Perubahan pola perilaku masyarakat
dalam pemeliharaan aliran sungai juga menjadi salah satu penyebab sungai tidak dapat berfungsi semestinya. Banjir sebagai bencana alam yang mengancam dan mengganggu kehidupan dan penghidupan masyarakat dapat mengakibatkan korban jiwa, kerusakan lingkungan, kerugian harta benda, dan dampak psikologis khususnya masyarakat di sekitar sungai. Belum maksimalnya informasi mitigasi bencana banjir yang terintegrasi menyebabkan pengendalian banjir tidak optimal dan bersifat parsial. Penelitian ini
bertujuan untuk mengetahui daerah yang berdampak banjir di alur Sungai Cilemer HM 53+00 sampai dengan HM 105+00 di Kabupaten Pandeglang serta membandingkan daerah banjir yang sudah dipetakan dalam peta banjir di Provinsi Banten. Pemodelan dilakukan dengan menggunakan software HEC-GeoRAS terintegrasi dengan ArcGIS dan HEC-RAS. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa daerah yang berdampak banjir paling berbahaya adalah Kecamatan Patia dimana genangan banjir terjadi di semua segmen
penampang melintang. Analisis debit rencana berdasarkan SNI 2415:2016 periode ulang 50 tahun menggunakan metode peaks over threshold (POT) diperoleh Q50 sebesar 196,058 m/s. Penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa pemodelan terintegrasi HEC-RAS dan GIS memilki peranan sangat penting dalam dalam upaya mitigasi serta pengendalian banjir dalam bentuk peta banjir.
The river functions as a perfect complement to the environment, as an ecosystem makes life to keep continue to goes live well. As population changes and increases in Indonesia, it can affect topographical conditions and social conditions. The changes in land use for housing that are increasing without control of surface flow have the effect of narrowing river boundaries. The changes in community behavior patterns in maintaining river flow are also one of the causes of rivers not functioning properly. Floods as a natural disaster that threatens and disrupts people's lives and livelihoods can result in casualties, environmental damage, property losses, and psychological impacts, especially for communities live around the rivers. The inadequate information on integrated flood disaster mitigation has resulted in partial and inadequate flood control. This study aims to determine the areas that have the impact of flooding in the Cilemer River channel HM 53 + 00 to HM 105 + 00 in the Pandeglang Regency and to compare to the flood areas that have been mapped in the flood map mapping in Banten Province. Modeling is done using HEC-GeoRAS software integrated with ArcGIS and HEC-RAS. The simulation results show that the area with the most dangerous flooding impact was Patia Subdistrict and occurred in all cross-sectional segments. Analysis of the planned discharge based on SNI 2415: 2016 for the 50-year return period using the Peaks Over Threshold (POT) method obtained a Q50 of 412.203 m3/s. This study shows that HEC-RAS and GIS integrated modeling plays a very important role in mitigating and controlling floods in the form of flood maps.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.36055/tjst.v16i2.9134
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