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Physicochemical properties of semi-refined carrageenan by bleaching pretreatment
Abstract
Judul: Sifat fisikokimia semi-refined carrageenan dengan bleaching pretreatment
Title: Physicochemical properties of semi-refined carrageenan by bleaching pretreatment
Produk semi refined carrageenan (SRC) merupakan hasil pengekstrakan alga merah dari tumbuhan lontar. Semi refined carrageenan merupakan salah satu unsur dalam Eucheuma cottonii. Karaginan merupakan sulfat galaktan yang berasal dari alga merah (Rhodophyta), tersusun dari D-galaktosa yang terikat secara dalam 5-007-1,3 ikatan β-1,4. Kondisi ekstraksi mempengaruhi kualitas produk karaginan semi murni. Kondisi ekstraksi seperti perlakuan awal, waktu, dan suhu ekstraksi sangat berpengaruh terhadap hasil produk SRC. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki sifat fisikokimia dari karaginan tyang diekstrak dari rumput laut merah yang telah dilakukan perlakuan awal pemutihan fisik. Hasil terbaik pada variasi waktu ekstraksi dan konsentrasi pelarut adalah pada suhu 80oC pada 2 jam. Sifat fisikokimia karaginan yang paling baik adalah kekuatan gel 715 gram/cm2, kadar air 8%, kadar abu 18%, kadar sulfat 11%, viskositas tujuh cP, titik gel 47,7oC, titik leleh 57,8oC, tingkat putih 61%, dan tidak adanya logam berat dalam produk SRC. Analisis FTIR menunjukkan bahwa SRC yang diekstraksi sebagian besar terdiri dari kappa-karaginan. Metode atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) digunakan untuk menentukan kadar logam substansial dalam SRC, dan hasilnya memenuhi standar FAO.
The semi-refined carrageenan (SRC) product is the result of extracting red algae from the palm plant. Semi refined carrageenan is one of the elements in Eucheuma cottonii. Carrageenan is a sulfated galactan derived from red algae (Rhodophyta), composed of D-galactose, which is deeply bonded 5-007-1.3 -1,4 bonds. Extraction conditions affect the quality of semi pure carrageenan products. Extraction conditions such as pretreatment, time, and extraction temperature significantly affect the yield of SRC products. This study aimed to investigate the physicochemical properties of carrageenan extracted from red seaweed, which had been pretreated with physical bleaching. The best results on the variation of extraction time and solvent concentration were at 80oC at 2 hours. The best physicochemical properties of carrageenan are gel strength 715 gram/cm2, water content 8%, ash content 18%, sulfate content 11%, viscosity seven cP, gel point 47.7oC, melting point 57.8oC, whiteness 61%, and the absence of heavy metals in SRC products. FTIR analysis showed that the extracted SRC consisted mainly of kappa-carrageenan. The atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) method was used to determine the actual metal content in SRC, and the results met FAO standards.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.36055/tjst.v17i1.9714
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