Cybercrime as Transnational Crime: Law Enforcement and Countermeasure Problems in the Perspective of International Criminal Law

Desia Rakhma Banjarani, Muhammad Apriliansyah Rahmadhani

Abstract


      Cybercrime is a transnational crime that can easily cross-national borders. Therefore, the enforcement of laws against cybercrime as a transnational crime cannot be adequately addressed by merely relying on national legal frameworks. As such, international criminal law plays a critical role in combating it. However, to date, Indonesia has yet to ratify the 2001 Convention on Cybercrime, which serves as one of the key sources of international criminal law. Meanwhile, several cybercrime cases that have occurred in Indonesia have caused significant losses. Accordingly, this research is necessary to address the following questions: How does Indonesia enforce laws against cybercrime as a transnational crime? And how does the handling of cybercrime fit within the perspective of international criminal law? This research adopts a normative legal research method, with a case study approach and a legislative approach.      The results of the research show that the problems related to cybercrime in Indonesia can be categorized into several aspects: legal issues, jurisdictional issues, law enforcement issues, and societal issues. Thus, to address these various issues, it is necessary to combat cybercrime in Indonesia based on the perspective of international criminal law. The success of this effort depends on international cooperation, the development of legal instruments, and the increase of public awareness regarding the threats posed by cybercrime. The initial step involves the development of legal instruments to establish clear and comprehensive regulations for addressing cybercrime, such as through the ratification of the Convention on Cybercrime. Furthermore, international cooperation should include information exchange, training, and technical assistance between countries. 

Keywords


Cybercrime; Transnational Crime; International Criminal Crime

References


Aldriano, Muhammad Anthony, and Mas Agus Priyambodo. “Cyber Crime Dalam Sudut Pandang Hukum Pidana.” Jurnal Kewarganegaraan 6, no. 1 (2022): 2169–75.

Anggara, Bayu, and I Nyoman Darmadha. “Penegakan Hukum Kejahatan Dunia Maya (Cybercrime) Yang Dilakukan Anak Di Bawah Umur.” Jurnal Universitas Udayana 1, no. 1 (2020): 1–5. http://nationalgeographic.co.id/berita/2014/10/mengkhawatirkan-tingkat-cyber-crime,.

Apriwandi, and Herycson. “Cyber Crime Dan Fraud Kartu Kredit Dan Kartu Debit : Perspektif Akuntansi.” JUEB: Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Bisnis 1, no. 3 (2022): 111–24.

Bunga, Dewi, and Dewi Bunga. “Terminologi Kejahatan Dalam Hukum Pidana Internasional.” Jurnal Aktual Justice 3, no. 1 (2018): 1–12. https://doi.org/10.47329/aktualjustice.v3i1.440.

Caesar, Leon, Angkasa, and Dwi Hapsari Retna Ningrum. “EFEKTIVITAS PENEGAKAN HUKUM TERHADAP TINDAK PIDANA SIBER OLEH UNIT CYBERCRIME DI POLRESTA BANYUMAS.” S.L.R (Soedirman Law Review) 3, no. 1 (2021): 161–69.

“Chart: The Most Common Types of Cyber Crime | Statista.” Accessed September 18, 2023. https://www.statista.com/chart/24593/most-common-types-of-cyber-crime/.

“Dampak Serangan PDNS 2, Ratusan Data Di Kementerian PUPR Hilang.” Accessed September 5, 2024. https://cyberhub.id/berita/dampak-serangan-pdns-2.

Dihni, Vika Azkiya. “Keamanan Siber Indonesia Peringkat Ke-6 Di Asia Tenggara,” 2022. https://databoks.katadata.co.id/teknologi-telekomunikasi/statistik/731dc302955bda3/keamanan-siber-indonesia-peringkat-ke-6-di-asia-tenggara.

Enggarani, Nuria Siswi. “Penanggulangan Kejahatan Internet Di Indonesia.” Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 15, no. 2 (2012): 149–68. www.klikbca.com.

Fadhillah, Siti Aura, Michelle Sharon Anastasia Matakupan, and Britney Wilhelmina Berlian Mingga. “Peran Interpol Dalam Penyelesaian Kasus Kejahatan Siber Berdasarkan Konvensi Budapest On Cybercrimes.” Journal on Education 5, no. 4 (2023): 16553–64. https://doi.org/10.31004/joe.v5i4.2822.

Faturohman, Rachmat Putra Hidjriana, and Rizky Zendra Rahayu. “Dampak Pengaruh Teknologi Terhadap (Cyber Crime) Tindak Pidana Serta Analisis Hukum.” … of Constitutional Law … 3, no. 1 (2024): 1–11. https://ejournal.iainkendari.ac.id/index.php/qaimuddin/article/viewFile/8711/2554.

“Hacker Minta Tebusan Rp 131 M, Menkominfo: Pemerintah Tak Akan Bayar!” Accessed September 5, 2024. https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/tech/20240624204102-37-548985/hacker-minta-tebusan-rp-131-m-menkominfo-pemerintah-tak-akan-bayar.

Hasan, Muh.Irfansyah. “KEJAHATAN TRANSNASIONAL DAN IMPLEMENTASI HUKUM PIDANA INDONESIA.” Lex Crimen 7, no. 7 (2022): 13–20.

“Jenis Kejahatan Siber Yang Amat Merugikan Di Dunia 2023.” Accessed September 3, 2024. https://databoks.katadata.co.id/datapublish/2024/06/05/jenis-kejahatan-siber-yang-amat-merugikan-di-dunia-2023.

Julia Mahayanti, Made. “Tindak Pidana Cyberpornography Yang Melibatkan Anak Di Bawah Umur.” Jurnal Kertha Wicara 10, no. 8 (2021): 586–98. https://pontianak.tribunnews.com/.

Kuncoro, Tri. “PENEGAKAN HUKUM TERHADAP CYBER CRIME DI BIDANG PERBANKAN SEBAGAI KEJAHATAN TRANSNASIONAL.” Jurnal Magister Hukum Udayana (Udayana Master Law Journal) 19, no. 5 (2016): 1–23.

Kurnia Putra, Akbar. “Harmonisasi Konvensi Cyber Crime Dalam Hukum Nasional.” Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Jambi 5, no. 2 (2014): 95–109.

Kusumawardana, Haris, Wahyu Hariadi, and Teguh Anindito. “Tinjauan Yuridis Carding Sebagai Kejahatan Transnasional Terorganisir.” Wijayakusuma Law Review 3, no. 2 (2021): 46–51. https://doi.org/10.51921/wlr.v3i2.181.

Letri, Dilla Ayuna; Yunimar; Gettari, Trie Raahmi. “PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP KORBAN PADA KASUS CYBER SABOTAGE AND EXTORTATION MENURUT HUKUM POSITIF DI INDONESIA.” Rio Law Jurnal 4, no. 2 (2023): 401–9.

Liu, Jienan, Pooja Pun, Phani Vadrevu, and Roberto Perdisci. “Understanding, Measuring, and Detecting Modern Technical Support Scams.” Proceedings - 8th IEEE European Symposium on Security and Privacy, Euro S and P 2023, no. December (2023): 18–38. https://doi.org/10.1109/EuroSP57164.2023.00011.

Nabila, Aisyah Putri, Nathania Aurell Manabung, and Aquilla Cinta Ramadhansha. “Peran Hukum Internasional Dalam Menanggulangi Cyber Crime Pada Kejahatan Transnasional.” Indonesian Journal of Law 1, no. 1 (2024): 26–37.

Noorhaliza, Andi Kavenya, Rizky Dwie Afrizal, and Tsaniya Azzahra Salma Shira Carmela Permadi. “Teori Penegakan Hukum Menurut Friedman Terkait Persoalan Penggunaan Narkotika Untuk Kepentingan Medis Relevansi Dengan Pertimbangan Moral Dan Hukum.” Nusantara: Jurnal Pendidikan, Seni, Sains Dan Sosial Humanioral 1, no. 2 (2023): 1–25. https://doi.org/10.11111/nusantara.xxxxxxx.

Nugraha, Riko. “Perspektif Hukum Indonesia (Cyberlaw) Penanganan Kasus Cyber Di Indonesia.” Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum Dirgantara 11, no. 2 (2021): 44–56.

Pangalila, Fredericko Constantijn Yossia Yerromio, Christian Herman Johan De Fretes, and Roberto Octovianus Cornelis Seba. “Peran National Central Bureau (NCB)-Interpol Indonesia Dalam Penanganan Cybercrime (Romance Scam) Tahun 2018-2021.” Intermestic: Journal of International Studies 8, no. 1 (2023): 356. https://doi.org/10.24198/intermestic.v8n1.17.

Pansariadi, Rafi Septia Budianto, and Noenik Soekorini. “Tindak Pidana Cyber Crime Dan Penegakan Hukumnya.” Binamulia Hukum 12, no. 2 (2023): 287–98. https://doi.org/10.37893/jbh.v12i2.605.

“Pentingnya Peningkatan Cyber Security Bank Di Era Digital - Benaya.” Accessed October 2, 2024. https://benaya.co.id/artikel/pentingnya-peningkatan-cyber-security-bank-di-era-digital/.

Prasetyo, Said Noor. “Rumusan Pengaturan Credit Card Fraud Dalam Hukum Pidana Indonesia Ditinjau Dari Asas Legalitas.” Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum LEGALITY 24, no. 1 (2017): 101. https://doi.org/10.22219/jihl.v24i1.4260.

Prianto, Yuwono, Nabila Annisa Fuzain, and Afif Farhan. “Kendala Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Cyber Crime Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19.” Prosiding SENAPENMAS, no. 21 (2021): 1111. https://doi.org/10.24912/psenapenmas.v0i0.15146.

Saraya, Sitta, Yusrina Handayani, and Dio Brian Valentino. “PENEGAKAN HUKUM TERHADAP TINDAK PIDANA CYBER DI WILAYAH HUKUM POLDA JATENG.” Jurnal Uniss 10, no. 1 (2022): 1–52. https://doi.org/10.21608/pshj.2022.250026.

Sari, Purnama, and Tata Sutabri. “Analisis Kejahatan Online Phising Pada Institusi Pemerintah/Pendidik Sehari-Hari.” Jurnal Digital Teknologi Informasi 6, no. 1 (2023): 29–34. https://doi.org/10.32502/digital.v6i1.5620.

Sembiring, Ruth Gladys, Madiasa Ablisar, Mahmud Mulyadi, and Jelly Leviza. “Penegakan Hukum Cybercrime Di Wilayah Hukum Kepolisian Daerah Sumatera Utara.” Locus Journal of Academic Literature Review 2, no. 3 (2023): 292–304.

Setiawan, Hezkiel Bram, and Fatma Ulfatun Najicha. “Perlindungan Data Pribadi Warga Negara Indonesia Terkait Dengan Kebocoran Data.” Jurnal Kewarganegaraan 6, no. 1 (2022): 976–82.

Silalahi, Putri Hasian, Fiorella Angella Dameria, and Fiorella Angella Dameria. “Perlindungan Data Pribadi Mengenai Kebocoran Data Dalam Lingkup Cyber Crime Sebagai Kejahatan Transnasional.” Wajah Hukum 7, no. 2 (2023): 614. https://doi.org/10.33087/wjh.v7i2.1244.

Sinaga, Mustika Indah Jelita. “Penetapan Tersangka Dalam Penyidikan Tindak Pidana Transnational Cybercrime Menurut Sistem Hukum Di Indonesia.” Syntax Literate ; Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia 7, no. 3 (March 5, 2022): 1229–53. https://doi.org/10.36418/SYNTAX-LITERATE.V7I3.6430.

Singgi, I Gusti Ayu Suanti Karnadi, I Gusti Bagus Suryawan, and I Nyoman Gede Sugiartha. “Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Tindak Pidana Peretasan Sebagai Bentuk Kejahatan Mayantara (Cyber Crime).” Jurnal Konstruksi Hukum 1, no. 2 (2020): 334–39. https://doi.org/10.22225/jkh.2.1.2553.334-339.

Suardi. “Urgensi Convention on Cybercrime Tahun 2001 Dalam Rangka Pembentukan Undang-Undang Informasi Dan Transaksi Elektronik Indonesia.” Inspirasi 1, no. 12 (2011): 202–22.

Tabiu, Ramadan, Heryanti, Nur Intan, and Sahrina Safiuddin. “Globalisasi Dan Kejahatan Transnasional Terorganisasi.” Halu Oleo Law Review 7, no. 1 (2023): 99–110. https://doi.org/10.33561/holrev.v7i1.11.

Tambunan, Diana, and Ida Hendarsih. “Waspada Investasi Ilegal Di Indonesia.” Perspektif: Jurnal Ekonomi & Manajemen Universitas Bina Sarana Informatika 20, no. 1 (2022): 108–13.

Utin Indah Permata Sari. “Kebijakan Penegakan Hukum Dalam Upaya Penanganan Cyber Crime Yang Dilakukan Oleh Virtual Police Di Indonesia.” Jurnal Studia Legalia 2, no. 1 (2022): 58–77. https://doi.org/10.61084/jsl.v2i01.7.

Wahyu. “The Effect Of International Criminal Law To Nasional Criminal Law.” Belom Bahadat Jurnal Hukum 3, no. 1 (2019): 1–20.

Wibowo, Mia Haryati, and Nur Fatimah. “ANCAMAN PHISHING TERHADAP PENGGUNA SOSIAL MEDIA DALAM DUNIA CYBER CRIME.” JoEICT (Journal of Education And ICT) 1, no. 1 (March 2, 2017): 1–5. https://doi.org/10.29100/.V1I1.69.

Wulan, Ida Ayu Agung Rasmi, and Ni Luh Gede Astariyani. “Urgensi Dalam Meratifikasi Convention on Cybercrime Sebagai Pemenuhan HAM Di Indonesia.” Jurnal Kertha Patrika 45, no. 2 (2023): 221–35.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.51825/yta.v4i4.29046

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2025 Yustisia Tirtayasa : Jurnal Tugas Akhir

EDITORIAL ADDRESS
Faculty of Law, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa
Jl. Tirtayasa, Sindangsari, Kec. Pabuaran, Serang, Provinsi Banten       
Telp. (0254) 280330 Ext. 218, Fax.: (0254) 281254
Website: https://jurnal.untirta.ac.id/index.php/nhk
E-mail  : [email protected] 

 

OPEN ACCESS POLICY

Yustisia Tirtayasa is an open access journal, so articles are freely available to the readers.

 


This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.