Korelasi Asupan Mikronutrien dan Kadar Hemoglobin pada Ibu Hamil

Nurrekta Yuristrianti, Atikah Proverawati, Undiono Undiono, Ibnu Zaki, Widya Ayu Kurnia Putri

Abstract


Anemia pada ibu hamil merupakan masalah kesehatan yang signifikan, dengan prevalensi global mencapai 37% dan 27% di Indonesia. Asupan makan menjadi salah satu faktor resiko anemia. Defisiensi mikronutrien seperti zat besi, vitamin A dan zinc berkaitan dengan kejadian anemia. Namun demikian hasil riset masih menunjukan hasil yang inkonsisten. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis korelasi antara asupan mikronutrien, yaitu zat besi, vitamin A, dan zinc, terhadap kadar hemoglobin pada ibu hamil. Metode yang digunakan adalah desain studi cross-sectional dengan lokasi penelitian di Puskesmas Purwokerto Selatan dan Puskesmas 1 Baturraden, Kabupaten Banyumas. Sampel terdiri dari 39 ibu hamil berusia 20-39 tahun yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Data asupan mikronutrien dikumpulkan melalui metode recall 24 jam dan dianalisis menggunakan Nutrisurvey, sedangkan kadar hemoglobin diukur dengan alat digital menggunakan sampel darah kapiler. Analisis korelasi dilakukan menggunakan uji Rank Spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata- rata konsumsi zat besi responden sebanyak 17,90 mg/hari, vitamin A 1442,94 µg/hari, serta zinc 8,17 mg/hari. Analisis korelasi menunjukan bahwa konsumsi zat besi, vitamin A, dan zinc tidak memiliki korelasi signifikan dengan kadar hemoglobin (p = 0,315; p = 0,575; p = 0,769, berturut-turut). Meskipun rata-rata konsumsi zat besi masih di bawah angka kecukupan gizi, mayoritas responden tidak mengalami anemia. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah tidak terdapat hubungan signifikan antara asupan mikronutrien yang diuji dengan kadar hemoglobin pada ibu hamil. Penelitian lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk memahami interaksi kompleks antara mikronutrien dan status gizi ibu hamil

Keywords


Anemia; pregnant women; micronutrients; iron; vitamin A; zinc.

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.62870/jgkp.v5i2.29018

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